What is the difference between hypercalcemia and hypocalcemia?
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Keeping this in consideration, what is meant by Hypo and hypercalcemia?
Definition. Hypocalcemia = total serum calcium concentration < 8.5 mg/dL (< 2.12 mmol/L), or ionized (or free) calcium concentration < 4.65 mg/dL (< 1.16 mmol/L) Hypercalcemia = total serum calcium concentration > 10.5 mg/dL (> 2.62 mmol/L), or ionized (free) calcium concentration > 5.25 mg/dL (> 1.31 mmol/L)
Also Know, what is a deficiency of calcium? Hypocalcemia, commonly known as calcium deficiency disease, occurs when calcium levels in the blood are low. A long-term deficiency can lead to dental changes, cataracts, alterations in the brain, and osteoporosis, which causes the bones to become brittle.
Additionally, which glands disorders can result in hypercalcemia and hypocalcemia?
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) usually results in hypocalcemia, but prolonged hyperphosphatemia and low vitamin D levels lead to enhanced parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion which can result in hypercalcemia.
What causes hypercalcemia?
Hypercalcemia is usually a result of overactive parathyroid glands. These four tiny glands are situated behind the thyroid gland. Other causes of hypercalcemia include cancer, certain other medical disorders, some medications, and taking too much of calcium and vitamin D supplements.