What is J reflex?

In 1970 Paintal described the J reflex, the inhibition of somatic muscle by stimulation of type J receptors in the alveolar walls of cats. The evidence was indirect: in cats the reflex is known to inhibit muscle tone and the pulmonary receptors are stimulated by an increase in pulmonary capillary pressure and flow.

Keeping this in consideration, what do J receptors do?

Juxtacapillary receptors. Although their functional role is unclear, J-receptors respond to events such as pulmonary edema, pulmonary emboli, pneumonia, congestive heart failure and barotrauma, which cause a decrease in oxygenation and thus lead to an increase in respiration.

Also, what receptors are in the lungs? Pulmonary stretch receptors. Pulmonary stretch receptors are mechanoreceptors found in the lungs. When the lung expands, the receptors initiate the Hering-Breuer reflex, which reduces the respiratory rate. Increased firing from the stretch receptors also increases production of pulmonary surfactant.

Keeping this in consideration, what is the purpose of the Hering Breuer reflex?

The Hering–Breuer inflation reflex, named for Josef Breuer and Ewald Hering, is a reflex triggered to prevent the over-inflation of the lung. Pulmonary stretch receptors present on the wall of bronchi and bronchioles of the airways respond to excessive stretching of the lung during large inspirations.

What are irritant receptors?

Pulmonary Irritant Receptors are sensors present within the respiratory epithelium which can sense and respond to a variety of chemical irritants. Afferent signals from these sensory cells may initiate coughing in response to a variety of inhaled irritants and might induce bronchoconstriction in those with asthma.

37 Related Question Answers Found

What is the function of stretch receptors?

muscle systems

…has important sensory structures called stretch receptors, which monitor the state of the muscle and return the information to the central nervous system. Stretch receptors are sensitive to the velocity of the movement of the muscle and the change in length of the muscle.

Does your brain control your lungs?

In addition to the lungs, your respiratory system includes airways, muscles, blood vessels, and tissues that help make breathing possible. Your brain controls your breathing based on your body's need for oxygen. A healthy lifestyle can help prevent lung injury and disease.

What stimulates receptors in the lungs?

Lung Receptors

The main effect of stimulating these receptors is a slowing of respiratory frequency by increasing expiratory time. This is known as the Hering-Breuer inflation reflex. Irritant receptors lie between airway epithelial cells and are stimulated by noxious gases, cold, and inhaled dusts.

Where are Chemoreceptors located?

Central chemoreceptors, located in the respiratory center at the base of your brain, monitor the levels of carbon dioxide and oxygen by detecting changes in the pH levels of the cerebral spinal fluid.

What are stretch receptors?

Stretch receptors are mechanoreceptors responsive to distention of various organs and muscles, and are neurologically linked to the medulla in the brain stem via afferent nerve fibers. Examples include stretch receptors in the arm and leg muscles and tendons, in the heart, in the colon wall, and in the lungs.

What stimulates cough reflex?

Chemical receptors sensitive to acid, heat, and capsaicin-like compounds trigger the cough reflex via activation of the type 1 vanilloid (capsaicin) receptor [3-5]. These are probably mechanical receptors only, which can be stimulated by triggers such as touch or displacement.

How do stretch receptors control heart rate?

Special pressure sensors called baroreceptors (or venoatrial stretch receptors) located in the right atrium of the heart detect increases in the volume and pressure of blood returned to the heart. These receptors transmit information along the vagus nerve (10th cranial nerve) to the central nervous system.

What do central Chemoreceptors do?

central chemoreceptors: Located within the medulla, they are sensitive to the pH of their environment. peripheral chemoreceptors: The aoritic and carotid bodies, which act principally to detect variation of the oxygen concentration in the arterial blood, also monitor arterial carbon dioxide and pH.

What is Apneustic?

Apneustic respiration (a.k.a. apneusis) is an abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by deep, gasping inspiration with a pause at full inspiration followed by a brief, insufficient release.

What is Pneumotaxic?

Medical Definition of pneumotaxic center

: a neural center in the upper part of the pons that provides inhibitory impulses on inspiration and thereby prevents overdistension of the lungs and helps to maintain alternately recurrent inspiration and expiration.

What is the Chemoreceptor reflex?

In human nervous system: Reflex pathways. Overall, the chemoreceptor reflex regulates respiration, cardiac output, and regional blood flow, ensuring that proper amounts of oxygen are delivered to the brain and heart.

What is the role of surfactant?

Pulmonary surfactant is a mixture of lipids and proteins which is secreted by the epithelial type II cells into the alveolar space. Its main function is to reduce the surface tension at the air/liquid interface in the lung. Surfactant protein A (SP-A) appears to promote most of SP-B's functions.

What is static compliance?

In clinical practice it is separated into two different measurements, static compliance and dynamic compliance. Static lung compliance is the change in volume for any given applied pressure. Dynamic lung compliance is the compliance of the lung at any given time during actual movement of air.

What is tidal volume?

Tidal volume (symbol V_T or TV) is the lung volume representing the normal volume of air displaced between normal inhalation and exhalation when extra effort is not applied. In a healthy, young human adult, tidal volume is approximately 500 mL per inspiration or 7 mL/kg of body mass.

What is dorsal respiratory group?

Dorsal respiratory groups (DRG)

Composed mainly of inspiratory neurons located bilaterally in the medulla, the DRG controls the basic rhythm of breathing by triggering inspiratory impulses. These neurons send impulses to the motor nerves of diaphragm and external intercostal muscles.

What does the Apneustic center do?

Apneustic center

It controls the intensity of breathing, giving positive impulses to the neurons involved with inhalation.

Which part of the respiratory system is referred to as angle of Louis?

The sternal angle (also known as the angle of Louis or manubriosternal junction) is the synarthrotic joint formed by the articulation of the manubrium and the body of the sternum. The sternal angle is a palpable clinical landmark in surface anatomy.