What is a ex post facto research?

An ex post facto research design is a method in which groups with qualities that already exist are compared on some dependent variable. This is an ex post facto design because a pre-existing characteristic (weight) was used to form the groups.

Herein, what are the characteristics of ex post facto research?

Characteristics of Ex Post Facto • The independent variable (IV) is not manipulated; it has already occurred. Less costly and time-consuming to conduct. Establishing cause-effect relationships is more difficult than in experiments. Researcher has little to no control over independent variables.

Subsequently, question is, what is causal comparative or ex post facto research? The title ex post facto is applied to studies in which data are gathered retrospectively, whereas causal-comparative is used when data are gathered from groups and the independent variable is not manipulated as in an experiment. The independent variable has been manipulated already or before the study is initiated.

Beside this, what is an example of an ex post facto law?

The definition of an ex post facto law is a law that applies to crimes that happened before the law was passed. An example of an ex post facto law is a law passed in 1994 that applies to acts that occurred in 1989.

What are the 4 types of research design?

There are four main types of Quantitative research: Descriptive, Correlational, Causal-Comparative/Quasi-Experimental, and Experimental Research. attempts to establish cause- effect relationships among the variables. These types of design are very similar to true experiments, but with some key differences.

37 Related Question Answers Found

What is the meaning of Expo facto?

Ex post facto is Latin for "from a thing done afterward". An ex post facto law is one that declares someone's action to be criminal only after it was committed--a procedure forbidden by our Constitution.

What is post facto analysis?

ex post facto. Use the adjective ex post facto to describe something that influences events in the past, like an ex post facto pay raise, which reimburses you for work you've done already. Ex post facto is a Latin phrase that essentially means "retroactive," or affecting something that's already happened.

What does ex post facto laws mean?

ex post facto law. A law that makes illegal an act that was legal when committed, increases the penalties for an infraction after it has been committed, or changes the rules of evidence to make conviction easier. The Constitution prohibits the making of ex post facto law.

What is descriptive research design?

Descriptive research is defined as a research method that describes the characteristics of the population or phenomenon that is being studied. This methodology focuses more on the “what” of the research subject rather than the “why” of the research subject.

Which is the dependent variable?

Dependent Variable: A dependent variable is what you measure in the experiment and what is affected during the experiment. It is called dependent because it "depends" on the independent variable. In a scientific experiment, you cannot have a dependent variable without an independent variable.

What are the characteristics of experimental research?

Characteristics of true experimental design ? Manipulation – control of independent variable by the researcher through treatment/ intervention ? Control – the use of control group and extraneous variables on the dependent variable ? Randomization – every subject gets equal chance being assigned to experimental and

What is experimental research design?

Experimental research design is centrally concerned with constructing research that is high in causal (internal) validity. Randomized experimental designs provide the highest levels of causal validity. These issues are germane to research of all types (exploratory, explanatory, descriptive, evaluation research).

What is qualitative research methodology?

Qualitative research is defined as a market research method that focuses on obtaining data through open-ended and conversational communication. This method is not only about “what” people think but also “why” they think so.

Why is ex post facto law important?

It's a law that makes an act criminal, even though the act was lawful when it was committed or it can be a law that inflicts a harsher punishment than was permitted when the act was committed. The United States Constitution specifically prohibits ex post facto laws.

Are ex post facto laws valid?

Congress is prohibited from passing ex post facto laws by clause 3 of Article I, Section 9 of the United States Constitution. The states are prohibited from passing ex post facto laws by clause 1 of Article I, Section 10. Not all laws with retroactive effects have been held to be unconstitutional.

What is the difference between an ex post facto law and a bill of attainder?

"No Bill of Attainder or ex post facto Law shall be passed". That would be an ex post facto law, which is forbidden by the Constitution. A Bill of Attainder would be if a government made a law saying “We declare that John Doe is a criminal, and we declare the following punishments for John Doe's crime”.

What does retroactive mean in law?

Definition of retroactive law. : a law that operates to make criminal or punishable or in any way expressly affects an act done prior to the passing of the law — compare ex post facto law.

Why are bills of attainder and ex post facto laws forbidden?

Our U.S. Constitution prohibits bills of attainder through Article I, Section 9, Clause 3, along with ex post facto laws and laws impairing contracts. They are also banned because they violate the first principle of the social compact, in that the American people must agree to their laws in order to be governed.

What is retrospective punishment?

(a) for an act or omission that was not punishable by law at the time of the act or omission; or. (b) for an offence by a penalty greater than, or of a kind different from, the penalty prescribed by law for that offence at the time the offence was committed.

Why is an ex post facto law unconstitutional?

They are prohibited by Article I, Section 10, Clause 1, of the U.S. Constitution. An ex post facto law is considered a hallmark of tyranny because it deprives people of a sense of what behavior will or will not be punished and allows for random punishment at the whim of those in power.

What is the meaning of Article 3 Section 22?

ARTICLE III (Section 22)

is a LEGISLATIVE act which inflicts punishment WITHOUT JUDICIAL trial. does not need to be directed at a specifically named person. may also refer to easily ascertainable members of a group in such a way as to inflict punishment on them without judicial trial.

What is an example of bill of attainder?

Officials have used bills of attainder to strip individuals of everything from their property to their lives. For example, bills of attainder caused the famous executions of several people by the English king, Henry VIII.